Sitemap Foundations
Ten lessons covering what XML sitemaps are, how they work, what Google actually pays attention to, and where they stop short. The mental model before the mechanics.
Ten Lessons
Designed to be read in order, with each one building on the last. If you’re confident on the basics, jump to specific lessons, but expect references back.
What Is a Sitemap?
The gateway lesson. What a sitemap actually is, what it is not, and why the distinction matters more than people realise.
Types of Website Sitemaps
A tour of the different sitemap types that exist, with practical guidance on which ones matter for most sites.
XML Sitemap vs HTML Sitemap
Two completely different files share the word sitemap. The practical answer to which one your site actually needs.
Sitemap vs Robots.txt: The Difference
How sitemaps and robots.txt differ, how they work together, and the common mistakes that come from confusing them.
Do I Need a Sitemap for My Website?
The decision-stage question. The practical answer by site type, plus how to decide when you are not sure.
The Sitemaps.org Protocol Explained
The shared spec every XML sitemap follows, the history of how it came to exist, and the rules that matter in practice.
The Anatomy of an XML Sitemap
A complete working example walked through line by line, including the sitemap index file format.
What Each XML Sitemap Element Does
Loc, lastmod, changefreq, priority. What each one is for, how to format it correctly, and the common mistakes to avoid.
Does Google Use Priority and Changefreq?
The contrarian lesson. Google has confirmed it ignores both. The documentation, the reasoning, and what to do about it.
The Limits of a Sitemap
An honest look at what sitemaps cannot accomplish, plus the myths worth retiring.
Frequently Asked
The questions that come up most often from readers working through the foundations.
Do I need to read these lessons in order?
How long does Module One take to complete?
Is this only about XML sitemaps?
Do I need technical knowledge before starting?
What’s covered in Module Two?
Why is the series built for the AI Search era?
Will I get a certificate when I complete Module One?
Are these lessons updated as best practices change?
Module One Quiz
Ten lessons of foundations behind you. The quiz checks your grasp of the core concepts. Pass it, and download your certificate of completion.
Continue the Series
Module Two takes you from understanding the foundations to doing the implementation work.
Building and Submitting Sitemaps
The implementation work. Finding, building, validating, splitting, and submitting sitemaps to Google Search Console and Bing Webmaster Tools, plus the troubleshooting that comes with it.
Module One is the foundation. The lessons stay updated as Google and the other search engines change their positions on how sitemaps are read.